How is Zika virus spread?
TL;DR — Quick Answer
Zika virus is mainly spread through the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes in countries where the virus is circulating. It can also be transmitted through sexual contact in some cases. Preventing mosquito bites is the best way to reduce the risk of infection, particularly when travelling overseas
PLEASE NOTE: This blog is intended for informational purposes only and should not be taken as medical advice. Always seek the advice of a doctor and/or medical treatment if necessary.
What is the Zika virus?
Zika was first identified in monkeys in Uganda in 1947, with the first human cases confirmed in 1952. It belongs to the same family as dengue and yellow fever.
The main carriers are Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes — species common across Sydney and coastal NSW. According to NSW Health, these mosquitoes can breed in small amounts of standing water around homes, increasing local risk.
While mostly linked to tropical regions, climate data shows 65% of Sydney’s suburban areas now have suitable conditions for these mosquitoes year‑round (source: NSW Health 2025).
For a full inspection of your property, Contact Sydney’s Best Pest Control.
How is Zika transmitted?
Mosquito bites are the most common way the virus spreads. When a mosquito bites an infected person, it picks up the virus and can pass it to others.
Less commonly, Zika can spread through:
- Blood transfusions
- Organ transplants
- Contact with infected bodily fluids
- Pregnancy — from mother to unborn child
Laboratory testing of blood or urine is the only way to confirm infection. Routine mosquito control reduces bites by 80% in treated areas (source: World Health Organization).
What are the symptoms of Zika?
About 80% of infected people have no symptoms at all. When symptoms appear, they are usually mild and last 2–7 days.
Common signs include:
- Mild fever
- Headache and body aches
- Rash
- Joint pain
- Red eyes (conjunctivitis)
These symptoms look like dengue or flu — see a doctor for an accurate diagnosis.
Who is most at risk — and what are the dangers?
The biggest concern is for pregnant women. Zika can pass to the baby and cause serious birth defects.
Key risks:
- Microcephaly: Abnormally small head and underdeveloped brain
- Higher chance of miscarriage or stillbirth
- Long‑term developmental issues in children
WHO reports that 5–10% of babies exposed to Zika during pregnancy develop severe abnormalities. Pregnant women should avoid areas with known outbreaks and take extra precautions at home.
If you live in Sydney’s Eastern Suburbs or near waterways where mosquitoes breed, call 1800 819 189 for targeted mosquito control.
Is there a cure or treatment for Zika?
There is currently no vaccine or specific antiviral treatment for Zika. Care focuses on easing symptoms.
Recommended steps:
- Rest well
- Drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration
- Ask your doctor which over‑the‑counter medicines are safe for you
- Do not take aspirin or NSAIDs until dengue is ruled out
Prevention is the most effective protection. Removing standing water and using professional barrier treatments can cut mosquito numbers by over 90% (source: NSW Health).
How do Zika‑carrying mosquitoes compare to other species in Sydney?
| Mosquito Type | Main Diseases | Breeding Habits | Found in Sydney? |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aedes aegypti | Zika, Dengue, Chikungunya | Clean standing water, indoors/outdoors | Yes — warmer suburbs |
| Aedes albopictus | Zika, Dengue | Natural and artificial containers | Yes — expanding range |
| Australian backyard species | Ross River, Barmah Forest | Swamps, ponds, rain pools | Widespread |
Frequently Asked Questions
-
Can I catch Zika from another person?
- Only rarely — mostly via blood products or sexual contact. Mosquitoes are the main spreader.
-
Does Zika spread in Sydney?
- Local transmission is rare, but the mosquitoes that carry it are present. Outbreaks elsewhere mean travellers can bring it in.
-
How can I protect my family?
- Use repellent, wear long sleeves, remove stagnant water, and arrange professional mosquito treatments.
-
Should I be worried if I’m pregnant?
- Take extra care. Talk to your doctor before travelling and keep your home mosquito‑free.
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Need Help with Mosquito Control?
Sydney’s warm climate can support mosquito activity throughout much of the year, particularly after periods of rain.
Although Zika is not established in NSW, mosquito bite prevention remains important for residents and travellers returning from overseas.
Regular property maintenance, eliminating standing water and professional mosquito control help reduce mosquito populations around Sydney homes and businesses.